Bronze, its properties, composition, markings, features and technical characteristics

Bronze has a pleasing color that doesn't fade over the years. The metal is corrosion-resistant, has high electrical conductivity, and, with certain alloying combinations, offers sufficient mechanical strength. That's why bronze is so popular.

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Copper is the base metal for bronze alloys. Besides this precious metal, with the exception of nickel and zinc, lead, iron, beryllium, aluminum, manganese, and non-metallic additives such as silicon are also used to produce bronze.

Modern bronze can be called a binary or multi-component alloy with alloying components no more than 2.5%.

Bronze, metal properties

Copper is a ductile and soft precious metal. To improve its technical and practical properties, people since ancient times added tin to the alloy. This resulted in bronze, which had a number of advantages, most notably, the high strength necessary for making weapons and tools.

Modern bronze produced in steel foundries meets the requirements of:

• Corrosion resistance;
• Lowest shrinkage;
• Wear resistance;
• Elasticity;
• Weldability;
• The required viscosity.

Due to the unique properties it has achieved, bronze is often used in aggressive environments where the use of other alloys is impractical.

Main qualities, markings

Bronze is resistant to atmospheric humidity and the Mediterranean climate. It is resistant to sulfuric acid vapors, fumes, and carbon dioxide solutions. Metal with aluminum additives is used in hydrochloric acid and seawater. Bronze with silicon is used in solid gases and alkaline environments.

The color of bronze depends on the alloying components and can vary from white to red.

Letters and numbers are used for marking: BrO5, BrA5, which denote tin bronze and aluminum bronze with a percentage of alloying elements. Current regulations specify chemical compounds and approved grades.

Purpose, application

Alloying additives have a positive effect on the qualities of bronze:

• Zirconium and chromium increase heat resistance;
• Aluminum, nickel, tin improve corrosion resistance;
• Silicon and manganese increase heat resistance.

In the 20th century, bronze alloys have been widely used in aircraft manufacturing, astronautics, shipbuilding, mechanical engineering, and other industries. They are used to produce couplings, bushings, and heating and air conditioning system components.

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